Risk factors scleroderma is unknown, summed up involves the following aspects:

(A) genetic factors have a significant family history according to some patients, relatives of patients has increased and chromosomal abnormalities that genetic types of features may be on the X chromosome dominant allele HLA-B8 incidence in critically ill patients.

(B) the number of patients before the onset of infection factors often acute infections, including angina, tonsillitis, pneumonia, scarlet fever, measles, sinusitis. In striated muscle and kidney patients have been found paramyxovirus-like inclusions.

(C) display a wide range of connective tissue metabolism in patients with abnormal connective tissue disease, skin collagen content was significantly increased demand in viral skin lesions among the more memory and unstable molecules soluble collagen side chains. The patient's fibroblasts displayed significantly increased collagen synthesis activity.

(Four) abnormalities in patients with multi-vessel have Raynaud's phenomenon, not limited to the extremities, also occurred in the splanchnic vascular; Histopathology showed multiple lesions and internal organs may have small blood vessels (arteries) contracture and intimal hyperplasia, it was felt that this disease is a kinds of primary disease, but not because of vascular disease could be seen in all patients, it is also that vascular disease is not the only factor in the pathogenesis of this disease.

One view (five) immune abnormalities which is the most important in recent years. Can be measured in a patient a variety of autoantibodies (e.g., anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-DNA antibodies, anti-ssRNA antibody, anti-antibody scleroderma skin extracts, etc.); increased in patients with B cells in vivo, significantly enhanced humoral immunity in the system patients with circulating immune complexes measured positive rate of more than 50%, the majority of patients with high hypogammaglobulinemia; often associated with some cases of lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome or Hashimoto's thyroiditis concurrency. Most currently considered an autoimmune disease of the disease may be on the basis of a certain genetic background coupled with persistent chronic infection caused.

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